Revisão e verificação das propriedades psicométricas da dimensão instabilidade de humor do inventário dimensional clínico da personalidade

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la dimensión Inestabilidad del Humor del Inventario Dimensional Clínico de la Personalidad (IDCP), y la investigación de sus propiedades psicométricas. Para ello se desarrollaron nuevos ítems que fueron aplicados a 230 participantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 63 años (M=23,0, DP=9,44), la mayoría de sexo femenino (76,4%). Todos los participantes respondieron el IDCP, la versión brasileña de la versión revisada del Inventario de Personalidad NEO, y la versión brasileña del Inventario de Personalidad para el DSM-5 (PID-5). Como resultado, 306 nuevos ítems fueron desarrollados con base en cuatro fuentes de referencia, y seleccionados mediante análisis de contenido, y 27 ítems que conformaron la versión final para la aplicación de la dimensión. Después de recoger los datos y de realizar el análisis estadístico, la dimensión analizada constaba de tres factores, además de una puntuación total. Los coeficientes de consistencia interna fueron adecuados e iguales a 0,85 para el conjunto final de 16 ítems con un rango de variación entre 0,78 y 0,81 por cada factor. De otra parte, se encontraron las intracorrelaciones esperadas, así como correlaciones coherentes con los instrumentos utilizados. Los datos permiten inferir evidencias de validez de la escala revisada, así como una demostración satisfactoria de la consistencia interna.O presente estudo teve como objetivo revisar a dimensão Instabilidade de Humor do Inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade (IDCP), investigando suas propriedades psicométricasPara tanto, novos itens foram desenvolvidos, para então serem aplicados. Participaram 230 sujeitos, com idade variando entre 18 e 63 anos (M=23,0; DP=9,44), sendo a maior parte do sexo feminino (76,4%). Todos os participantes responderam o IDCP, a versão brasileira do Inventário de Personalidade NEO-PI Revisado e a versão brasileira do Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Como resultado, foram desenvolvidos 306 novos itens com base em quatro fontes de referencia na área e selecionados, por meio de análise de conteúdo, 27 para compor a versão final de aplicação da dimensão. Após a coleta de dados e análises estatísticas, a dimensão revisada ficou composta por três fatores, além de um escore total. Os coeficientes de consistência interna mostraram-se adequados sendo igual a 0,85 para o conjunto final de 16 itens e variando de 0,78 e 0,81 por fator. Além disso, foram encontradas intracorrelações esperadas, bem como correlações coerentes com os instrumentos aplicados. Os dados permitem inferir evidências de validade para a dimensão revisada, além de demonstrar índices satisfatórios de consistência interna.The present study aimed to review the Mood Instability dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (DCPI) and to examine its psychometric properties. To this end, new items were developed that were applied to 230 subjects, aged between 18 and 63 years (M = 23.0, SD = 9.44), with a majority of females (76.4%). All participants answered the DCPI, the Brazilian version of the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised and the Brazilian version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). As a result, 306 new items were developed based on four sources of reference in the area and selected by means of content analysis and 27 items to compose the final version of the dimension to be applied. After data collection and statistical analysis, the reviewed dimension was composed of three factors plus a total score. The internal consistency coefficients were adequate and equal to .85 for the final set of 16 items, with a variation range between .78 and .81 per factor. Moreover, the expected intracorrelations were found, as well as consistent correlations with the instruments used. Data allow inferring validity evidence for the scale reviewed, as well as demonstrating satisfactory internal consistency

Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2: antecedents, development, and future improvements

Personality disorders (PDs) are characterized by impairments in the self and interpersonal relationships. People diagnosed with PD present distress in several areas of life. The prevalence of these disorders is 13% in Western countries and around 7% in Brazil. Despite the adverse outcomes related to PDs and its prevalence, these disorders tend to be undertreated in Brazil. One possible explanation is the lack of assessment scales to measure PDs typical traits. To fulfill this gap and improve mental health care in Brazil, the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) was developed, an assessment tool that follows international guidelines and takes into account for the Brazilian reality. This paper aimed to present the main characteristics of IDCP-2, including its antecedents, development, theoretical and empirical foundations, as well as definitions of its 12 dimensions distributed in 47 factors. We discussed ongoing clinical research, limitations, and future improvements of the IDCP-2. Although IDCP-2 helps in fulfill the gap regarding PDs assessment in Brazil, efforts for the continuity of research focused on the PDs traits assessment is more than desirable, necessary for the advance of the mental health research area in the country

Associations Between Parental Alcoholism And Adult Internalized And Externalized Indicators Of Maladjustment

Associations between parental alcoholism and internalized and externalized indicators of maladjustment in adult children of alcoholics were examined. College students (N = 2,531) and respondents from the general population (N = 703) provided self-reports of various internalized and externalized indicators of maladjustment. Several hypotheses were tested: (1) CAST scores will be positively associated with symptom severity; (2) Combined maternal and paternal alcoholism will be associated with the most severe maladjustment compared to ACAs from a single parent and/or non-ACAs; (3) Male ACAs will exhibit relatively more externalized symptoms than internalized symptoms and female ACAs will exhibit relatively more internalized symptoms than externalized symptoms; (4) Paternal alcoholism will be more strongly associated with externalized symptoms as opposed to internalized symptoms, particularly among male ACAs, and maternal alcoholism will be more strongly associated with internalized symptoms as opposed to externalized symptoms, particularly among female ACAs. Overall, consistent with previous literature, the present study found mixed results regarding the relationship between differential gender effects on ACAs risk of various internalized and externalized maladjustment indicators; however, our results from both samples provide further evidence that ACAs, regardless of gender and/or ACA status, appear to be at increased risk of both internalized and externalized forms of maladjustment compared to non-ACAs

Detachment and Antagonism as Moderators of Effects of Psychosocial Stressors on Emotional Distress in Daily Life

Psychological distress encompasses transdiagnostic symptoms of anxiety, depression, and anger, which all feature of emotional dysregulation and are often associated with interpersonal stressors. To understand these forms of distress as they occur in daily life, examination of both personality vulnerabilities and social situational context is needed. Interpersonal circumplex research and theory suggests human needs for agency and communion, and therefore others’ cold-dominant behavior is highly aversive and likely to cause psychosocial distress, but degree and type of distress (e.g., anxiety versus anger) may depend upon personality. Detachment and antagonism are the most interpersonal of the pathological personality traits (Southard et al., 2015), and may amplify the effects of such stressors on distress, but little research has examined these traits beyond cross-sectional designs. The present study tested baseline pathological personality traits prospectively predicting distress across 15 naturalistic diary assessments of interpersonal stressors across five weeks, in a sample of 155 undergraduate college students. As hypothesized, within-person increases in perceived cold-dominant behavior predicted increases in distress (anxiety, depression, and anger). Regarding personality traits, high detachment prospectively predicted higher depression and anger in daily life, but had a unique effect on depression after accounting for shared variance among distress outcomes, as expected. Antagonism predicted higher downstream anxiety, depression, and anger, but uniquely predicted anger as expected, and depression unexpectedly. Contrary to hypotheses, personality did not amplify effects of stressors on distress in any cross-level interactions. Overall, this study extends cross-sectional research by showing pathological interpersonal traits as risk factors for downstream transdiagnostic symptoms of depression, anxiety, and anger

Psychometric properties of the Greek TCI-R and its clinical correlates: Schizotypy and the self-regulation of affective and cognitive functioning

Background. The revised Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-R) measures Cloninger’s psychobiological model of personality. The average effects of individual temperament and character traits have been associated with schizotypy and with impaired regulation of affect and cognition. We extended prior research by testing predictions about the association of specific multidimensional configurations of temperament and character traits on schizotypy, affect balance, and self-perceived cognitive functioning. Method. A well-educated sample of native Greeks (N = 483), completed a new Greek translation of the TCI-R, as well as the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Positive/Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ). The factor structure of the TCI-R was examined with exploratory and confirmatory tests. Associations between reported measures were examined with correlational and regression analyses. Results. The TCI-R had good psychometric properties as expected from studies in other countries. As predicted, specific configurations of temperament and character were associated with schizotypy, negative affect balance, and cognitive lapses. The “Borderline/Explosive temperament” (high Novelty Seeking, high Harm Avoidance, low Reward Dependence), “Schizotypal/Disorganized character” (low Self-directedness, low Cooperativeness, high Self-transcendence), and “Low Ego Strength/Fragile” profile (high Harm Avoidance, low Persistence, low Self-Directedness) were each strongly associated with higher stereotypy, negative affect balance (low positive affect and high negative affect), and subjective cognitive lapses compared to their contrast groups. Discussion. Multidimensional TCI profiles are strongly related to individual differences in schizotypy and self-reported regulation of affect and cognition. The Greek translation of the TCI-R is psychometrically sound and useful for clinical assessment and research

Examining the construct validity of the DSM-IV-TR borderline personality disorder, CCMD-III impulsive personality disorder, and ICD-10 emotionally unstable personality disorder among Chinese psychiatric patients.

Lai, Ching Man.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010.Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-121).Abstracts in English and Chinese.List of Figures --- p.viiList of Tables --- p.viiiChapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction and Literature ReviewOrigin of the Construct of BPD --- p.2BPD in the DSM Nomenclature --- p.3Epidemiology of BPD --- p.4Co-occurrence and Comorbidity of BPD --- p.4Construct Validity and Dimensionality of BPD --- p.6Prototypic Validity and Subtypes of BPD --- p.8Taxometric analysis --- p.8Latent class analysis --- p.9Diagnostic efficiency of individual BPD criteria --- p.11Comparable Constructs ofBPD in the ICD-10 and the CCMD-III --- p.13Emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) --- p.13Impulsive personality disorder (IPD) --- p.14"Comparison of Diagnostic Features in DSM-BPD, ICD-EUPD and CCMD-IPD" --- p.15Purposes of This Study --- p.19Chapter Chapter 2: --- MethodParticipants --- p.21Procedures --- p.21Instruments and Measures --- p.22Cross-cultural Personality Assessment Inventory-2 (CPAI-2) --- p.22Chinese Personality Disorder Inventory (CPDI) --- p.22Multi-axial Clinical Assessment Inventory (MCAI) --- p.23"Simulated diagnostic assessment for BPD, IPD and EUPD" --- p.23Statistical Analyses --- p.26"Validation of the constructs of BPD, IPD, and EUPD" --- p.26"Relationships among diagnostic features in BPD, IPD and EUPD" --- p.29"Rate and co-occurrence of the diagnosis of BPD, IPD and EUPD" --- p.29"Sociodemographic, Personality and Clinical Characteristics of Chinese BPD, IPD and EUPD patients" --- p.29Subtypes of DSM-IV-TR BPD patients --- p.30Diagnostic information of DSM-IV-TR BPD criteria --- p.32Chapter Chapter 3: --- Results"Validation of the Constructs of BPD, IPD, and EUPD" --- p.34Construct validity of BPD among Chinese psychiatric patients --- p.34Construct validity of IPD among Chinese psychiatric patients --- p.36Construct Validity of EUPD among Chinese Psychiatric Patients --- p.38"Relationships among diagnostic features in BPD, IPD and EUPD" --- p.45"Rate and Co-occurrence of the Diagnosis of BPD, IPD and EUPD" --- p.46"Sociodemographic,Personality and Clinical Characteristics of Chinese BPD, IPD and EUPD Patients" --- p.49Sociodemographic profile --- p.49Personality profile --- p.51Psychosocial functioning --- p.52Clinical profile --- p.53Latent class analysis of DSM-IV-TR BPD Patients --- p.60Item Response Theory Analysis of DSM-IV-TR BPD criteria --- p.66Chapter Chapter 4: --- Discussion"Is BPD, IPD, and EUPD a Valid Construct?" --- p.71Internal consistency --- p.71Factorial validity --- p.72"How Frequent is the Diagnosis of BPD, IPD and EUPD in Clinical Setting of China? Can BPD Capture Patients Diagnosed with IPD or EUPD Otherwise?" --- p.74"What are the Socio-demographic, Personality and Clinical Characteristics of BPD, IPD and EUPD Patients?" --- p.75"Similar characteristics between Chinese BPD, IPD and EUPD patients" --- p.75"Distinguishing characteristics between Chinese BPD, IPD and EUPD patients" --- p.79"Are BPD, IPD and EUPD Distinct Clinical Construct?" --- p.80Do Subtypes of BPD Exist? --- p.81What are the Core Features of the BPD Diagnosis? --- p.83"Suggestions for Future Revision of the ""Borderline"" Diagnosis" --- p.84"Development of sub-division of ""borderline"" patients" --- p.85Towards a classical classification model --- p.86Towards an etiological based model --- p.86Strengths and Limitations of the Study --- p.91FOOTNOTES --- p.95REFERENCES --- p.96APPENDIX --- p.12

Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits: Assessing Response Distortion in a Motivated Faking Task

Although research on emotional intelligence (EI) and Cluster B personality traits has considerable potential for elucidating aspects of the emotional and interpersonal difficulties experienced by individuals with elevations on these traits, the findings to date have been mixed. The purpose of this study was to use an experimental manipulation to examine the pattern of associations between both trait and ability EI and Cluster B disorders, to test whether individuals could fake their EI via self-report versus maximum performance tests to appear more socially desirable, as well as to explore the pattern of associations between EI and Cluster B disorders, after accounting for the capacity to fake EI and social desirability. The results showed that a) antisocial personality disorder traits, borderline personality disorder traits, and narcissistic personality disorder traits were negatively correlated with EI; b) participants could fake their trait EI responses, bit not their ability EI responses, when motivated to do so; c) only honest trait EI scores predicted faked trait EI scores, but honest ability EI scores and impression management predicted faked ability EI scores; and d) after accounting for variance from faking, EI was negatively associated with antisocial, borderline, and narcissistic personality disorder traits. EI was found to be a core feature of Cluster B disorders, and as such, offers a multitude of implications for everyday situations, clinical settings, and future research